HIV screening
Who should be tested?
Anyone can be HIV-positive. It's not related to nationality, money or social class - it's about sex. And unless you can honestly say you know the sexual history of everyone you've ever had any kind of sex with, you're at risk. The only way to know if you have HIV is to take a test.
When?
Most blood tests can detect HIV infection within three months of initial exposure to the virus. It's generally recommended that people take a test three months after their last possible exposure.
Where?
Testing is free on the NHS, either through your GP or genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic.
If you choose to visit a GP, the result is kept on your medical record. To maintain confidentiality, visit a GUM clinic: not even your GP gets told without your permission.
Some private clinics offer testing for about £100.
Wherever you go, remember that everyone you meet (doctors, nurses, health advisers, reception staff, and so on) is a professional. No one will judge you. They've probably been tested themselves.
Who gets told I've taken an HIV test?
No one. If you're over 16, nothing can be disclosed without your permission.
What happens when I go for an HIV test?
A doctor, counsellor, nurse or healthcare worker explains what the test involves, and what the results will mean. The test goes ahead only when you've agreed to it.
A small amount (about two teaspoonfuls) of blood is taken from your arm. Depending on the type of test, you get the results anything from 30 minutes to a couple of weeks later.
For most tests, you make another appointment to get the results - they're not normally given over the phone.
Will I get tested for other sexually transmitted infections?
Yes - if you want. If it's possible you have HIV, it's possible you have any other STI.
What happens if my test is positive?
The person who gives you the results will explain what you can expect to happen in the future, your options, and may suggest counselling.
Everyone reacts differently. Some people are shocked; some terrified. Nearly everyone is very upset. It may seem that life as you know is over. It isn't - it's just different.
When you know you're HIV-positive, it is advisable to attend an HIV clinic for regular check-ups. They will not tell your GP your HIV status, unless you ask them to do so.
You don't have to tell your GP your HIV status, and there is no need to tell them immediately. It may, however, be useful to do so in the future, as your GP will be able to provide you better care if he or she are aware of your HIV status. You can always change your GP if you do not wish to tell your present doctor.
You may not need any treatment for a number of years. Most HIV-positive people start what's called antiretroviral treatment when they're in the advanced stages of infection. Antiretroviral drugs slowdown the virus and help you stay well for longer.
Once you've started, you'll have to take drugs for the rest of your life. You may need to take lots of pills daily, but there's an option that involves taking just one.
Many people with HIV stay fit and well indefinitely.
What if the test proves negative?
Ensure you protect yourself at all times. Always use a condom.
